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Saturn: The Basics

To ancient astronomers, Saturn was a wandering light near the edge of the known universe. The planet and its rings have been objects of beauty and wonder ever since Galileo noticed the 'cup handles' that seemed attached to a round world. Saturn is a smaller version of Jupiter, made up of a similar mix of gases, mostly the very light hydrogen and ...

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SaturnTheBasics
Biology

The Rapid Movement of the Soybean Rust Pathogen

Soybean rust, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, results in soybean yield losses of up to 80%. Rust diseases are named for the orange powdery spores produced in leaf pustules. They are easily ... Continue reading

SoybeanRustPathogen
Geology

Tornadoes

Tornadoes are perhaps one of the most terrifying manifestations of weather. Luckily for the rest of the world, they occur most frequently in the United States. A typical tornado season may see as many ... Continue reading

Tornadoes
Mathematics

Kepler's Conjecture

Take a bunch of oranges that are similar in size and try to pack them into a cardboard box. What is the most efficient orange arrangement so that you fit the most oranges into the box? Should you ... Continue reading

KeplersConjecture
Mathematics

Eratosthenes Measured Earth’s Circumference—Centuries Before Columbus Sailed

Eratosthenes (c. 276 – 194 BC) was born more than 2200 years ago in the Greek city of Cyrene, now a city in the North African country of Libya. (The Greek Empire surrounded much of the Mediterranean ... Continue reading

EratosthenesEarthCircumference

Where is God in the Brain?

BrainGodA British study reported that epileptics had 'profoundly spiritual experiences' in a specific region of the brain. In other studies, there was also a region of the brain that became extremely active when subjects were shown religious pictures and when they were asked to engage in any thoughts about God. In the late 1990s, several California neuroscientists discovered the region of the human brain responsible for tuning into God and other religious experiences. They identified the right temporal lobe - which is in front of and just above the right ear (and includes parts of the limbic system) and considered one of the central areas for processing memories and emotions - as the 'God Spot' or the 'God module.' This area of the brain was most active when subjects were experiencing or communicating with The Supreme Being, as well as during near death experiences (NDE).

Over the years, there have been cases of certain types of epilepsy that have promoted higher states of religiosity. Twenty-five percent of the individuals who are victims of right temporal lobe damage report 'seeing God's face' and 'hearing God's voice.' Disease or damage to the same region brings forth religious visions, feelings of ecstasy, and related phenomena. Prominent religious figures such as Joan of Arc were reported to have shown several of the classic symptoms of someone suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) complete with revelations, insights, and visions accompanied by seizures, many of the ingredients for the archetypal epiphany.