ScienceIQ.com

It's Hay Fever Season!

If spring's flying pollen is making you sneeze, you are not alone. Some 40 to 50 million people in the United States complain of respiratory allergies, and experts estimate that three to four million workdays are lost annually to them. To blame for all this misery is an overreacting immune system. The allergic response begins when T cells in the ...

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HayFever
Astronomy

The Chandra Mission

NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, which was launched and deployed by Space Shuttle Columbia on July 23, 1999, is the most sophisticated X-ray observatory built to date. Chandra is designed to observe ... Continue reading

Chandra
Engineering

The Truth About Atomic And Hydrogen Bombs

In the 1930's Enrico Fermi and other scientists studying the properties of radioactive materials observed an interesting phenomenon. They found that the readings taken with a Geiger counter were lower ... Continue reading

AtomicAndHydrogenBombs
Physics

Bizarre Boiling

The next time you're watching a pot of water boil, perhaps for coffee or a cup of soup, pause for a moment and consider: what would this look like in space? Would the turbulent bubbles rise or fall? ... Continue reading

BizarreBoiling
Chemistry

Why Doesn't Glue Get Hard In The Plastic Bottle?

Glue, in its many different forms, is a very simple-to-apply sort of thing that represents a surprisingly complex amount of chemistry and physics. On the face of it, what could be simpler? Put on the ... Continue reading

WhyDoesntGlueGetHard

Many Happy Returns!

ManyHappyReturnsThe boomerang is a bent or angular throwing club with the characteristics of a multi-winged airfoil. When properly launched, the boomerang returns to the thrower. Although the boomerang is often thought of as a weapon, the device has primarily been used in hunting and served as a recreational toy. The boomerang consists of a leading wing and a trailing wing connected at the elbow. Each wing has the typical cross section of an airfoil. Therefore, each wing has a leading and trailing edge arranged so the leading edge strikes the air first as the boomerang rotates. Due to this configuration, there are right-handed and left-handed boomerangs. A left-handed boomerang is simply a mirror image of the right-handed boomerang. The typical angle between the wings is 105 degrees to 110 degrees.

As the boomerang flies through the air, each wing produces lift. Due to the shape of the boomerang a pressure differential exists between the lower and upper surface (on each wing) which creates aerodynamic lift. A boomerang is thrown with a spin which has two effects on the boomerang as it travels through the air: a stabilizing force known as gyroscopic stability and the development of a curved flight path. The turning force imposed on the boomerang comes from the unequal air speed of the spinning wings. For a stationary, spinning boomerang, both wings would produce the same amount of lift. Now applying the same spinning boomerang with a forward velocity and the speed of the air traveling over the wings differs. Thus, the forward moving wing experiences more lift than the retreating wing. The net result is a force which turns the boomerang.