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Seamounts - Underwater Mountains

Seamounts are undersea mountains that rise from the ocean floor, often with heights of 3,000 m or more. Compared to the surrounding ocean waters, seamounts have high biological productivity, and provide habitats for a variety of plant, animal, and microbial species. Seamounts are formed by volcanic processes, either as isolated peaks or as chains ...

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SeamountsUnderwaterMountains
Biology

The Gingerbread Man

Did you know that gingerbread came about because of a smut disease of wheat? ... Continue reading

TheGingerbreadMan
Astronomy

A Ring Around a Dying Star

In November 2002, sky watchers were viewing the glow of meteors from the Leonid meteor shower burning up in Earth's atmosphere. They had been anticipating this celestial light show for months, ... Continue reading

ARingAroundaDyingStar
Geology

Salty Remnants At Death Valley's Badwater

Beneath the dark shadows of the Black Mountains, a great, extraordinarily flat expanse of shimmering white spreads out before you. You are at Badwater, at -282 feet it is the lowest spot in the ... Continue reading

SaltyRemnantsAtDeathValley
Medicine

The Incredible Capacity Of The Immune System

By age two, infants in the US can receive up to 20 vaccinations. In view of that, concerns had been raised that too many immunizations could overwhelm an infant's immune system. ... Continue reading

TheImmuneSystem

The World's Largest Laser

LargestLaserIn a rural community in Northern California, in a building spanning the length of two football fields scientists are creating the world's largest laser. The National Ignition Facility project, know as NIF, is being developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy.

When complete, the facility will house 192 laser beams in two bays. The beams will generate a peak power of 1000 times the electric generating power of the entire United States, although only for a few billionths of a second. When fired, the laser light from the beams will travel through tubes almost the length of the entire building, and pass through giant crystals that will covert the infrared light of the lasers to ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light from the 192 lasers will then converge on a 10-meter diameter target chamber that looks nothing but out of this world. The ultimate target is inside this chamber; a BB-sized plastic sphere, holding fusion fuel. The hydrogen fuel will reach temperatures of 100 million degrees and will be converted to helium with the release of fusion energy.

The goal of this ambitious project is national defense and research in the areas of energy creation through fusion power, nuclear reactions, astrophysics, and material sciences.